Ten milligram of each metabolite (OH-MPHP-d4, oxo-MPHP-d4 or cx-MPHxP-d4) were weighed separately into a 10 ml glass volumetric flask and diluted

to volume with acetonitrile (1000 mg/l). From these stock solutions, a multi-component starting solution was prepared by diluting 100 μl of each in a 10 ml glass volumetric flask filled with acetonitrile. This starting solution (10 mg/l) was further diluted for the preparation of the working standards to achieve final standard concentrations of 1 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l, 0.01 mg/l and 0.001 mg/l. For the purpose AC220 clinical trial of internal standardization, we used the non-labeled DPHP metabolite standards. Internal standard stock solutions were prepared by dilution of 10 mg of OH-MPHP, oxo-MPHP or cx-MPHxP in 10 ml volumetric flasks with acetonitrile (1000 mg/l). Starting solution A was prepared by diluting 100 μl of each of the three stock solutions into a 10 ml volumetric flask (10 mg/l) to the mark with acetonitrile. For

PTC124 nmr the preparation of solution B 1 ml of solution A was diluted in a 10 ml volumetric flask to its nominal volume with acetonitrile (1 mg/l). Urine samples (or standards) were thawed and equilibrated to room temperature. For enzymatic hydrolysis, 10 μl of β-glucuronidase and 20 μl of the internal standard solution in 200 μl 1 M ammonium acetate buffer (pH 6.5) were added to 1000 μl of each sample and mixed. Samples were incubated at 37 °C overnight. Thereafter, all samples were acidified to pH 2 with hydrochloric acid (37%) and extracted with tert-butylmethylether, mixed with a vortex mixer for 10 min and centrifuged at 2200 g for 10 min at 10 °C. The upper phase Fludarabine ic50 was aspirated with a Pasteur pipette and placed into a glass test tube, and the samples were dried at 35 °C with nitrogen. All samples were re-dissolved in 200 μl of methanol for HPLC–MS/MS analysis. The creatinine concentration in each urine sample was measured according to the Jaffé method

( Taussky, 1954). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Alliance HPLC System equipped with a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (2.1 mm × 150 mm × 3.5 μm (Agilent)) at 30 °C. A tertiary system (A: methanol, B: water and C: formic acid) was used to separate the metabolites with the following conditions: at start, 10 μl was injected onto the column with 10% A, 80% B and 10% C, flow was 0.2 ml/min and constant during the whole analysis which lasted 25 min. Metabolites were separated by an increasing methanol gradient, i.e., methanol (A) was increased from 10% to 90% within 15 min while water (B) was reduced to 0%. Solvents A (90%) and B (0%) were kept constant for 2 min and then a gradient was used to reach 10% A and 80% B at 18 min. These conditions were kept for 7 min until 25 min when the analysis was finished. C was kept constant at 10% during the analysis.