[doi: 10.1063/1.3520283]“
“Several of today’s most prominent diseases arise as a result of aberrant secretory or enzymatic function, or loss of the corresponding tissue. While an obvious approach to treating these diseases is to simply replace the malfunctioning,

damaged, or lost tissue, the need to immunosuppress recipients places them at increased risk of pathogenic infection and development of cancer. Limited availability of donor tissue is also problematic, and while xenogenic tissue could be used in some instances, immunosuppression alone is insufficient to prevent rejection. As an alternative, a physical barrier could be employed to mask the implanted tissue from immune surveillance at a local level, without the need for systemic immunosuppression. This approach is embodied through tissue microencapsulation. We review JPH203 molecular weight the underlying rationale of alginate based tissue microencapsulation technologies, current challenges, and possible solutions to these challenges in the

form of a simple emulsion coating system incorporating functionalized alginate for local immunomodulation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Patients who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) frequently experience gastrointestinal toxicity as a result of their preparative regimen. The most frequent manifestation is oral JQ1 price mucositis (OM) and diarrhea. We studied the effects of oral care prior to HSCT on the severity of OM. Seventy patients suffering from hematologic malignancies who had undergone HSCT were divided into two groups (35 patients – Study Group [SG] and 35 – Control Group [CG]), and the severity of OM was evaluated by two calibrated dentists, GSK2879552 using the WHO scale. The patients from the SG received oral care prior to HSCT and those from CG did not receive any dental care. The results showed no differences (p = 0.20) in the incidence or severity of OM among the groups. However, patients from the SG presented a shorter time elapsed (p < 0.001) when compared with the CG (median: 10 vs. 20 d). Our results show the importance of simple, inexpensive preventive intervention to control the time elapsed of OM, which reduces

morbidity and, as a consequence, the cost of the treatment.”
“Membrane-type acoustic metamaterials were fabricated, characterized, and analyzed to understand their acoustic response. Thin plates which obey the acoustic mass law have low transmission loss (TL) at low frequencies. Acoustic metamaterials with negative dynamic mass density have been shown to demonstrate a significant (5X) increase in TL over mass law predictions for a narrow band (100 Hz) at low frequencies (100-1000 Hz). The peak TL frequency can be tuned to specific values by varying the membrane and mass properties. In this work, TL magnitude as a function of frequency was measured for variations in the mass magnitude and membrane tension using an impedance tube setup.