Values represent the means of three independent experiments ± SEM. ***P <0.001. Unlike the PA2783::lacZ fusion experiments in which PA2783 is expressed from the PA2782-PA2783 promoter in the presence CHIR98014 solubility dmso of multiple copies of vfr (pKF917), in the phoA fusion experiments, PA2783 is
expressed from the lac promoter, which is constitutively expressed in P. aeruginosa. However, in both experiments, the pattern of PA2783 expression throughout the growth cycle of PAO1 is comparable (Figures 3 and 4). The enhancement of PA2783 transcription in each experiment allowed the pattern to be observed. This further supports the possibility that the pattern of PA2783 expression is produced by the translational or post-translational Luminespib research buy regulation of PA2783 through Vfr-independent factors. Predicted protein PA2783 contains an endopeptidase domain and two carbohydrate binding modules Computer analysis of the 65-kDa predicted protein encoded by PA2783 using the SignalP 4.1 Server revealed the presence of a typical P. aeruginosa type I export signal and cleavage site at the amino terminus (aa 1 to aa 25) (Figure 5A) (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP/; accessed 10/18/2013) [37, 38]. Additionally, no transmembrane regions were found within the predicted
protein (data not shown). The protein contains three specific domains, one at the amino terminus region and two at the carboxyl terminus region (Figure 5A). The amino terminus domain (aa 27 to aa 204) has characteristics of the M72 family of metalloendopeptidases, which include a conserved glutamate catalytic residue (aa 168) and three zinc binding histidine residues (aa 167, 171 and 177) within the motif HEXXHXXGXXH that is common to these proteins (Figure 5A and B; Additional file 2) [39]. The two domains in the carboxy terminus region, located at aa 302–432 and aa 461–586 (Figure 5A), exhibit homology with the carbohydrate (CHO)-binding modules of the CBM_4_9 family
of diverse CHO-binding proteins (Additional files 3 and 4) [40]. The strongest overall homology exists between the PA2783 endopeptidase and the Pseudomonas mendocina CHO-binding RAS p21 protein activator 1 CenC domain-containing protein and the Ni,Fe-hydrogenase I small subunit of Hahella chejuensis KCTC 2396 (Figure 5B, Additional file 2). As with PA2783, both proteins contain the metalloendopeptidase domain and the CHO-binding domains I and II. The three proteins have several identical and homologous residues within each domain (Figures 5B; Additional file 2, Additional file 3, Additional file 4). Figure 5 Characteristics of PA2783 and its homology to other proteins. (A) Amino acid sequence of the predicted protein encoded by PA2783. The 602 aa sequence of PA2783 is shown.