From calculations using the finite element method, high-thermal conductivity substrates have significantly higher surface temperature than substrates with low thermal conductivity in typical growth conditions of metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Also, the hydrodynamics of various growth parameters and the

chamber condition play a significant role in establishing the actual surface temperature. The thickness of the substrate is found to be another important factor on the temperature of the surface. High resolution x-ray diffraction analysis of AlGaN epitaxial layers grown on bulk AlN substrates and sapphire substrates with different thicknesses supports our theoretical calculations, showing that the Apoptosis inhibitor Al compositional discrepancy originated from the differences in the surface temperature during growth. (C) 2009 BAY 73-4506 nmr American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3238488]“
“We discuss the limitation of metallic wire structures as absorbers of high intensity electromagnetic radiation due to the large local electrical fields developed

at junctions and free ends of the wires. We find that at resonance the breakdown external electric field applied to the body of the wire structure is smaller by several orders of magnitude than the dielectric breakdown field induced at the ends of the wire. We consider the double split ring structure and find that it can offer an enhancement of the selleck kinase inhibitor Ohmic power absorbed by an order of magnitude over those of single component systems. For multiple connected wire structures we find classes of resonant modes with zero local fields at the junctions but the fields at the free wire ends remain finite. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3236633]“
“We report the challenging case of a 1-week-old, term, 2.4 kg neonate with Goldenhar syndrome (including microcephaly, left microtia, left facial

palsy, dextro-scoliosis of the cervical spine, and cervico-thoracic levoscoliosis), multiple ventricular septal defects, a type B interrupted aortic arch, a large patent ductus arteriosis, and radiographic and clinical signs concerning for an unstable cervical spine. Our anesthesia team was consulted for perioperative management of this patient during her surgical repair. This case report describes the use of the Air-Q size 1 laryngeal airway (LA) to assist fiberoptic intubation in an ASA 4 neonate with cardiac disease, an anticipated difficult airway with the addition of an unstable cervical spine, as well as the anesthetic techniques used to maintain hemodynamic stability while the airway was secured.”
“The crystal field splittings and Jahn-Teller (J-T) distortions in Hf-based high-k dielectric oxides on n-type Ge (100) substrates were investigated through the examination of O K(1) edge spectra, obtained via x-ray absorption spectroscopy.