Copyright (C) 2013 American Academy of Family Physicians.”
“Purpose of review
Major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA) antigens are expressed on the endothelium, they are polymorphic and have been shown to be recognized by EVP4593 cell line antibodies produced by transplant recipients. Methods for detection of these antibodies have become available. In
the 15th International Histocompatibility Workshop, a study for MICA antibody testing and of MICA genotyping was organized.
Recent findings
Antibodies against MICA antigens have been determined either using cells transfected with MICA alleles or recombinant MICA antigens. MICA epitopes were characterized by empirical study of human sera and by correlation with MICA polymorphic amino acids. Sera were absorbed with cells transfected with MICA alleles and site-directed mutagenesis was employed
to analyze complex sera. A number of clinical studies have shown associations of antibodies against MICA with decreased survival of kidney transplants and in one investigation with acute rejection in recipients of heart allografts.
Summary
In addition to the HLA PR-171 concentration antigens, which elicit a strong immune response against allografted organs, the MICA antigens may be recognized as foreign and induce the production of MICA-specific antibodies. Antibodies against MICA have been associated with a decrease in the survival of organ allografts. The results suggest the MICA antigens are transplantation antigens that can induce an immune response associated with graft failure.”
“A new chromanone acid, calodryobalanoic
acid, along with six known compounds, apetalic acid, isoblancoic acid, lupeol, 1-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone, 1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone, and 5,7,4′-trihydroxyflavanone, was isolated from the bark of Calophyllum dryobalanoides collected in Vietnam. The structure of the new compound was elucidated using mainly 1-D and 2-D NMR techniques (H-1 and selleck chemical C-13 NMR, HSQC, HMBC, COSY, and NOESY) and IR spectroscopy. The stereochemistry was determined on the basis of NMR results and DFT calculations. (C) 2012 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.”
“In this review, we identify important challenges facing physicians responsible for renal and cardiac transplantation in children based on a review of the contemporary medical literature. Regarding pediatric renal transplantation, we discuss the challenge of antibody-mediated rejection, focusing on both acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection.