It is important to decide when and how to treat the patients with

Barrett’s esophagus (BE). It was reported that HDAC-1 (Histone Deacetylase-1) and MTA-1 (Metastasis-Associated Protein-1) were associated with initiation and progression of cancer. The aim of this study is to assess malignant potential of BE using the expression of HDAC-1 and MTA-1.\n\nMethodology: Seven BE cases with pathological specialized columnar epithelium and CK7/20 in an immunohistochemically positive state were selected from resected specimens of 23 patients with gastro-esophageal junction cancer. The expression of HDAC-1 and MTA-1 protein was evaluated using an immunohistochemical method.\n\nResults: All 3-deazaneplanocin A seven cases with Barrett’s esophagus were diagnosed as low grade dysplasia. Positive expression of HDAC-1 and MTA-1 was found in 0 out of 7 cases (0%) with normal esophageal epithelium, and 0 out of 7 cases (0%) with normal gastric epithelium. On the other hand, positive expression of both HDAC-1 and MTA-1 was found in 6 out of 7 (85.7%) cases with Barrett’s epithelium and 7 out of 7 (100%) cases with gastro-esophageal-junction-cancer,

respectively.\n\nConclusion: Positive expression of HDAC-1 and MTA-1 was found even in low grade dysplasia. Therefore, BE with HDAC-1 and MTA-1 expression is considered to be a precancerous lesion requiring curative treatment.”
“Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common, morbid, and frequently lethal malignancy. To uncover its mutational spectrum, GDC-0994 we analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 74 tumor-normal pairs. The majority exhibited a mutational profile consistent with tobacco exposure; human papillomavirus was detectable by sequencing DNA from infected tumors. In addition to identifying previously known HNSCC genes (TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, PIK3CA, and HRAS), our analysis revealed many genes not previously implicated in this malignancy. At least 30% of cases harbored mutations in genes that regulate squamous differentiation

(for example, NOTCH1, IRF6, and TP63), implicating its dysregulation as a major driver of HNSCC carcinogenesis. More generally, the results indicate the ability of large-scale sequencing to reveal fundamental tumorigenic mechanisms.”
“Cerebral P505-15 hypoperfusion or aging often results in the disturbances of cholesterol and lipoprotein, which have been well depicted as a common pathological status contributing to neurodegenerative diseases such as vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The pathway of the liver X receptor-beta (LXR-beta)/retinoic X receptor-alpha (RXR-alpha)/ABCA1 plays a vital role in lipoprotein metabolism. Curcumin, a kind of phenolic compound, has been widely used. It has been reported that curcumin can reduce the levels of cholesterol in serum, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.