(C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: The aim of this research was to establish whether there is a link between insulin resistance (IR) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and assess whether insulin-resistant subjects experience a more rapid deterioration in GFR. Methods: We enrolled 73 non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 2-4 patients. All blood samples
were taken after 10 h of overnight fasting. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), creatinine, uric acid, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, HbA1c, high-sensitivity LEE011 C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels as well as proteinuria were analyzed. Patients were followed up for a mean of 30 (24-35) months and renal and metabolic parameters were compared in conjunction with
a homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) between the entry and the end of the study period. CKD progression was assessed by recording renal endpoints, which included end-stage renal disease, requiring renal replacement therapy, or overall mortality. Results: The study patients were divided into group 1 (n = 36), without IR, and group 2 (n = 37), with IR. Group 2 patients had a higher FBG (p = 0.003) and PS341 insulin level (p = 0.001) compared to group 1. The baseline and end of study systolic (p = 0.007) and diastolic (p = 0.001) blood pressures were decreased in group 1. In group 2, FBG (p = 0.008), HbA1c (p = 0.009), systolic (p = 0.024) and diastolic (p = 0.001) blood pressures and CRP (p = 0.047) were decreased. In group 2, 8 patients reached renal endpoints while NU7026 order in group 1, 9 patients reached study endpoints. HOMA-IR was not significantly higher among 17 patients who reached the renal endpoint than among the 56 who did not. At baseline, those patients who reached the renal endpoint showed lower GFR (p = 0.001), higher iPTH (p = 0.004) and hs-CRP (p = 0.002) levels. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in GFR at the end of the study between patients who had or did not have IR. Furthermore, HOMA-IR was not significantly
different in patients with or without renal endpoints. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Background
Tamoxifen and raloxifene have limited patient acceptance for primary prevention of breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors prevent more contralateral breast cancers and cause fewer side effects than tamoxifen in patients with early-stage breast cancer.
Methods
In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of exemestane designed to detect a 65% relative reduction in invasive breast cancer, eligible postmenopausal women 35 years of age or older had at least one of the following risk factors: 60 years of age or older; Gail 5-year risk score greater than 1.66% (chances in 100 of invasive breast cancer developing within 5 years); prior atypical ductal or lobular hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ; or ductal carcinoma in situ with mastectomy.