“
“Objective. This study investigated the effect of contingent electrical stimulation (CES) on present pain intensity (PI), pressure pain threshold (PPT), and electromyographic events per hour of sleep (EMG/h) on probable bruxers with masticatory myofascial pain.

Study

Design. The study enrolled 15 probable bruxers with masticatory myofascial pain in 3 phases: (1) baseline EMG/h recording, (2) biofeedback treatment using a CES paradigm Selleck NU7441 (active group, n = 7) or inactive device (control group, n = 8), and (3) posttreatment EMG/h recording. PI and PPT were assessed after each phase. Analysis of variance models were used to compare results at a 5% significance level.

Results. Patients in the active group had 35% lower EMG/h in P2 and 38.4% lower EMG/h in P3, when compared with baseline. There were no differences TEW-7197 in PI or PPT levels at any phase.

Conclusions. CES could reduce EMG activity associated with sleep bruxism in patients with masticatory myofascial pain but did not influence perceived

pain.”
“Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively analyze 170 case series of patients with 200 impacted first and second permanent molars.

Study Design: Records of 104.408 patients were retrospectively screened in this multicenter study. The chosen study population consists of 170 patients who presented with impacted or retained first and second permanent molar. All patients with impacted first or second permanent molar had undergone clinical and radiographic examinations. The following factors were analyzed: age and gender, frequency, distribution, location, position, the number of impacted tooth, primary ARN-509 Endocrinology & Hormones inhibitor and secondary retention, degree of infraocclusion, associated pathologic conditions and treatment method.

Results: There were a total of 170 patients (male: 91, female: 79,

mean ages 22.69 +/- 8.99 years ranging from 13 to 66 years of age) with 200 retained or impacted permanent molars in 104.408 patients. In this study, 200 impacted teeth which were analyzed were 125 molars (62.5%) vertical position, 17 (8.5%) horizontal, 38 (19%) mesioangular, 12 (6%) distoangular, and 7 (3.5%) buccolingual inclination. There were 52 primarily retained (26%) and 32 secondarily retained (16%) molars. 137 (68.5%) molars were asymptomatic. Cystic formation was present in 13 (6.5%) cases.

Conclusions: Although the impactions of first and second permanent molars do not occur frequently, it is important to make an early diagnosis in order to start treatment at the optimal time.”
“Aim of the study: To our knowledge, there are no previous reports on the performance of medical equipment in cold conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of several plastic, single-use medical equipment exposed to cold outdoor temperature.