Recent work by Bunger, Papafragou, and Trueswell (in press) suggests that high similarity in the relational content of some conceptual representations and linguistic structures may indeed change what speakers express about an event after exposure Regorafenib molecular weight to structural primes. There is little evidence to suggest that this might have been the case in the two experiments in this paper: the lexical primes in Experiment 1 and the structural primes in Experiment 2 did not impact the heterogeneity of nouns and verbs chosen to refer to the two characters or to describe the relationships

between them. 7 Thus overall, there is stronger evidence that primes shaped the way that the different increments of a message and sentence were assembled rather than influencing what speakers said. A compelling test

of conceptual–linguistic priming is also afforded by cross-linguistic comparisons of formulation. One long-standing, attractive hypothesis in the field is selleck compound that differences in phrasal syntax across languages may support different patterns of incremental planning by requiring speakers to encode some types of information before others. Cross-linguistic studies therefore provide unique insight into possible effects of linguistic structure on early sentence formulation and can help to identify limits in the flexibility of production processes (Brown-Schmidt and Konopka, 2008, Christianson and Ferreira, 2005, Myachykov et al., 2009,

Norcliffe et al., 2013 and Sauppe et al., 2013). In our experiments, the non-relational and relational variables were uncorrelated. Namely, Event codability was not correlated with either Agent or Patient codability, and the content words selected to refer to the two characters had no subcategorization preferences that either favored or disfavored selection of active or passive syntax. Ribonucleotide reductase In principle, however, properties of individual characters and properties of events in normal production can operate independently as well as in concert to influence the timecourse of formulation. For example, speakers’ choice of referential terms for individual characters may depend on their role in the event: selecting labels such as teacher and student for two characters is contingent on apprehension of the event structure. Identification of a character as a member of a particular profession can also influence the interpretation of the action performed by this character: e.g., verbs like shouting and directing may be better suited for sports fans and coaches rather than the other way around. To test for interactions between these variables, it is important to first specify the level at which interdependence between non-relational and relational information may be observed. This requires clarifying the sub-components of processes like event apprehension (or encoding of event gist), i.e.