Sclerophyllous plants richness

increased in reduced areas of agriculture and reduced human activities and goats (Table 2). The final statistical model explained about 70% of the variability in total woody species richness, and similar values were attained for both strictly riparian (69%) and Kinase Inhibitor Library concentration sclerophyllous species (71%). All GLMs were significant (Table 2). Table 2 Generalized linear models for the total riparian plant richness, strictly riparian and sclerophyllous plant richness found along watercourses in southern Portugal Variable Total richness Strictly riparian Sclerophyllous Z-IETD-FMK Estimate (P-value) Estimate (P-value) Estimate (P-value) Intercept 99.26 (0.55) 44.95 (0.44) 93.65 (0.29) Area shrubs 0.005 (0.07) 0.002 (0.03)   N patches   0.06 (0.09)   Mean patch area   0.005 (0.08)   Shannon diversity index   −5.23 (0.09)   Area holm oak   0.16 (0.08)   Area agriculture     −0.009 (0.1) Human activities −0.6.12 (0.03) −1.76 (0.07) −3.81 (0.01) Human structures   2.69 (0.09) −2.42 (0.01) Goats −10.66 (0.05) −2.62 (0.06) −4.9 (0.09) R-square 0.70 0.69 0.71 F-test (P-value) 2.067 (0.03) 1.94 (0.04) 2.12

(0.02) d.f. 66 61 65 Bold values indicate significance at P-value less than 0.05 Measurements CP-690550 research buy of area of tree, winter and summer water depth and width, edge density, patch complexity (Area-weighted mean shape index and area-weighted mean fractal dimension), plant equitability, area of cork oak, presence of cattle, sheep and pigs did not retrieve significant results thus were excluded from the table Discussion Riparian plant richness Previous studies of richness of comparable riparian systems in the Iberian Peninsula have shown that in the last 5 years, these communities have on average 16 woody riparian plant species in 100 m (Aguiar and Ferreira 2005; Aguiar et al. 2006). The results presented in this study show lower values (average richness of eight species per 100 m, Table 2), with less than half of the sites (31 out of 70) having more than 15 species. Several factors contribute to richness in riparian plant communities, such as productivity (Pollock et al. 1998), flow-facilitated dispersal of Sinomenine seeds and

propagules (Deferrari and Naiman 1994), soil variability (Pollock et al. 1998), geographical and topographical variability (Naiman and Décamps 1997), disturbance (Pollock et al. 1998), and diversity of interfaces between aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Naiman and Décamps 1997). Since the areas that were surveyed in this study are similar to those studied previously and, in some cases, at the same locations of studies from other authors, it is not likely that the discrepancy in the results is due to differences in productivity, flow-facilitated dispersal of seeds and propagules, soil variability, and geographical and topographical variability. However, the degree of disturbance of the sites in the current study may be higher than that of previous studies.