Therefore, this systematic review focuses on the efficacy of mechanically assisted walking for improving walking speed and distance in ambulatory people with stroke. Comparisons between mechanically assisted walking and overground walking were also examined in order to assist clinicians to decide the most appropriate intervention for adults with stroke. The specific research questions for this review were, in ambulatory people after stroke: 1. Does mechanically assisted walking result in immediate improvements DAPT chemical structure in walking speed and distance compared with no intervention or a non-walking intervention? In order to make recommendations based on the highest level

of evidence, this review included only randomised or quasi-randomised trials. Searches

for relevant studies were conducted of the following databases: Medline (1946 to April Week 1 2012, CINAHL (1986 to April Week 1 2012), EMBASE (1980 to April Week 1 2012) and PEDro (to April Week 1 2012), without language or date restrictions. Search terms included words relating to stroke, mechanically assisted walking, and locomotion (see Appendix 1 on the eAddenda for the full search strategy). In addition, we contacted authors about trials that we knew were in progress from trial registration. AC220 cell line Titles and abstracts were displayed and screened by one reviewer to identify relevant studies. Only peer-reviewed papers were included. Full paper copies of relevant studies were retrieved and hand searching of reference lists was carried out to identify further relevant studies. The methods

and abstracts of the retrieved papers were extracted so that reviewers were blinded to authors, journal, and outcomes. Two independent reviewers examined the papers for inclusion against predetermined criteria (Box 1). Conflict was resolved after discussion with a third reviewer. Design • Randomised or quasi-randomised trial Participants • Adults (> 18 yr) Interventions • Experimental. Mechanically assisted walking training (eg, treadmill training or a gait trainer) without body weight support Outcomes measured • Walking speed Quality: these The quality of included studies was determined using PEDro scale scores extracted from the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (www.pedro.org.au). The PEDro scale rates the methodological quality of randomised trials with a score between 0 and 10 ( Maher et al 2003). Where a study was not included on the PEDro database, it was scored by a reviewer following the PEDro guidelines. Participants: Participants had to be ambulatory adults in the subacute or chronic phase after stroke. Ambulatory was defined as a score of at least 3 on the Functional Ambulatory Category ( Holden et al 1984) or a walking speed of at least 0.2 m/s at baseline or when the included participants were able to walk without help, with or without walking aids. Studies were included when at least 80% of sample comprised ambulatory participants.