We used CARS microscopy to image in situ solid-state
conversions of samples during dissolution in real time. The combination of CARS microscopy with flow through UV absorbance spectroscopy allowed us to correlate the visualized polymorphic conversion with changes in dissolution rates. Additionally the inhibition of TPm crystal growth due to the presence BVD-523 manufacturer of MC was correlated with changes in dissolution rate for TPa compacts. Hyperspectral CARS microscopy provided a rapid visual technique to confirm the polymorphic conversion that occurred during dissolution. The combination of the rapid analysis and chemical selectivity of CARS and hyperspectral CARS with UV absorption spectroscopy has the potential NVP-BGJ398 manufacturer to allow improved characterization of solid dosage forms undergoing dissolution. CARS with UV absorption spectroscopy allows further in depth analysis on dosage forms exhibiting unexpected dissolution profiles, including failed dissolution tests. Improved characterization of solid dosage forms undergoing dissolution will help in the development of formulations where dissolution profiles are especially important. Formulations such as those containing a poorly soluble APIs and controlled release formulations,
where bioavailability is dissolution- or release-rate limited will benefit from improved characterization. AF is supported by the Dutch Technology Foundation STW, which is the applied science division of NWO, and the Technology Program of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (STW about OTP 11114). EG is supported by a NWO VICI grant to Professor Jennifer Herek. BASF is acknowledged for the generous donation of theophylline anhydrate and monohydrate. Colorcon is acknowledged for the generous
donation of methyl cellulose. We thank Coherent Inc. for the Paladin laser and APE Berlin GmbH for the Levante Emerald OPO. “
“αVβ3 Integrin, a transmembrane glycoprotein receptor highly expressed on the surface of activated endothelial cells during angiogenesis as well as on some types of tumor cells, is one of the key biomarkers for tumor angiogenesis and plays important roles in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis [1], [2] and [3]. By using a Regioselectively Addressable Functionalized Template (RAFT) cyclodecapeptide scaffold (Fig. 1), we have previously developed a cRGD (cyclic pentapeptide containing the tripeptide sequence Arg-Gly-Asp) probe encompassing (1) the αVβ3-targeting domain, a cluster of 4 copies of a cyclo(-RGDfK-) monomer and (2) a bifunctional chelator 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (cyclam) for 64Cu radiolabeling. This compound was referred to as 64Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4[4], [5] and [6]. 64Cu (t1/2 12.7 h) is a promising radionuclide with multiple decay modes—β+ (17.8%) used for positron emission tomography (PET) [7] and β− (38.