Altogether, these findings identify both PR and GABA(A) receptors as important targets for neuroprotection by progestagens after
spinal cord injury. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The current study examined the effect of the noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate (MK-801) on the extinction of food-based operant responding.
Experiments were carried out to determine (1) the nature of the elevated responding when rats were under the influence of MK-801, (2) the effect of combined and separate D1- and D2-like dopaminergic antagonists (SCH 23390 and haloperidol) on this MK-801-induced behavioral effect and click here (3) the neural correlates on and off MK-801 using immunohistochemical localization ABT-737 of the phosphorylated forms of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2.
Male
Long Evans rats were trained using operant conditioning procedures then treated with the various compounds, and resultant extinction pressing was measured.
A moderate dose (0.1 mg/kg) of MK-801 produced a persistent, elevated lever pressing throughout the entire 30-min extinction session. When animals were pretreated with combined or separate dopamine (DA) D1- or D2-like receptor antagonists, extinction responding under MK-801 was significantly reduced. Examination of pERK1/2 labeling in MK-801-treated animals showed reduced staining in the infralimbic and piriform cortices and elevated staining in the nucleus accumbens compared with controls.
These data show that MK-801 elevates food-based extinction behavior that can be reduced by DA receptor antagonists. The disrupted extinction behavior may be mediated, in part, by disinhibition of corticostriatal circuits.”
“Purpose: Nephron sparing surgery is accepted as standard of care for children with bilateral Wilms tumor or Wilms tumor in a solitary kidney and some study protocols allow nephron sparing surgery in select cases of unilateral Wilms tumor. With
the increasing use of nephron sparing surgery in Wilms tumor, we reviewed pathological features from Wilms tumor MTMR9 radical nephrectomy specimens to determine the potential efficacy of a nephron sparing approach.
Materials and Methods: Medical records of children undergoing pre-chemotherapy radical nephrectomy for unilateral Wilms tumor at our institution were reviewed. Ideal candidates for nephron sparing surgery were defined as those having a unifocal mass outside the renal hilum, sparing a third or more of the kidney, favorable histology, no signs of renal sinus or segmental vascular invasion, no metastatic lymph nodes or gross regional disease, and a distinct interface on pathological review between tumor and remaining parenchyma.
Results: A total of 78 children at a median age of 3.2 years (range 0.3 to 16.